Skin aging is one of the most important concerns in skincare, and it results from a combination of intrinsic factors (genetic and physiological) and extrinsic factors (environmental and lifestyle-related).
Among the most significant intrinsic causes of aging are the reduction in collagen and elastin production, decreased cell renewal and sebum secretion, hormonal changes, and genetic predisposition.
Regarding extrinsic factors, the main contributors include exposure to sunlight (UV radiation), alcohol and tobacco consumption, insufficient sleep, stress, unhealthy diet (such as excessive sugar intake), inadequate water consumption, and repetitive facial movements such as frowning.
To prevent and slow down skin aging, in addition to maintaining a healthy lifestyle — including daily consumption of colorful fruits and vegetables (as sources of antioxidants), regular exercise to improve blood circulation and oxygenation of the skin, stress management and sufficient sleep (7–8 hours per night), and avoiding smoking and alcohol — it is essential to use skincare products regularly throughout the day and night.
The most important active ingredients and raw materials commonly used in anti-aging skincare formulations include:
1.Retinoids (vitamin A derivatives) such as retinol and retinaldehyde — to stimulate collagen synthesis and reduce wrinkles and fine lines.
2.Antioxidants such as vitamins C and E — to neutralize free radicals.
3.Moisturizing agents such as hyaluronic acid and glycerin — to maintain skin hydration and volume.
4.Peptides such as Matrixyl and Argireline — to improve skin firmness and reduce lines.
5.Hydroxy acids (AHA & BHA) such as glycolic acid and lactic acid — for gentle exfoliation and improved skin radiance.
6.Niacinamide (vitamin B3) — to strengthen the skin barrier, reduce hyperpigmentation, and even out skin tone.
